graphic_path.hpp

// Copyright Take Vos 2019-2021.
// Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0.
// (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at https://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
 
#pragma once
 
#include "bezier_point.hpp" // export
#include "bezier_curve.hpp" // export
#include "bezier.hpp" // export
#include "../utility/utility.hpp"
#include "../geometry/module.hpp"
#include "../image/module.hpp"
#include "../macros.hpp"
#include <vector>
 
hi_export_module(hikogui.graphic_path);
 
namespace hi { inline namespace v1 {

hi_export struct graphic_path {
    std::vector<bezier_point> points;

    std::vector<ssize_t> contourEndPoints;

    std::vector<std::pair<ssize_t, color>> layerEndContours;

    void clear() noexcept
    {
        points.clear();
        contourEndPoints.clear();
        layerEndContours.clear();
    }

    [[nodiscard]] ssize_t numberOfContours() const noexcept
    {
        return ssize(contourEndPoints);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] ssize_t numberOfLayers() const noexcept
    {
        return ssize(layerEndContours);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool allLayersHaveSameColor() const noexcept
    {
        if (!hasLayers()) {
            return true;
        }
 
        hilet& firstColor = layerEndContours.front().second;
 
        for (hilet & [ endContour, color ] : layerEndContours) {
            if (color != firstColor) {
                return false;
            }
        }
        return true;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] aarectangle boundingBox() const noexcept
    {
        if (ssize(points) == 0) {
            return aarectangle{0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0};
        }
 
        auto r = aarectangle{points.front().p, points.front().p};
 
        for (hilet& point : points) {
            r |= point.p;
        }
 
        return r;
    }

    void tryRemoveLayers() noexcept
    {
        if (!hasLayers()) {
            return;
        }
 
        if (!allLayersHaveSameColor()) {
            return;
        }
 
        layerEndContours.clear();
    }

    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<bezier_point>::const_iterator beginContour(ssize_t contourNr) const noexcept
    {
        return points.begin() + (contourNr == 0 ? 0 : contourEndPoints.at(contourNr - 1) + 1);
    }
 
    /* Return and end-iterator beyond the end point of a contour.
     */
    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<bezier_point>::const_iterator endContour(ssize_t contourNr) const noexcept
    {
        return points.begin() + contourEndPoints.at(contourNr) + 1;
    }
 
    /* Return the first contour index of a layer.
     */
    [[nodiscard]] ssize_t beginLayer(ssize_t layerNr) const noexcept
    {
        return layerNr == 0 ? 0 : layerEndContours.at(layerNr - 1).first + 1;
    }
 
    /* Return beyond the last contour index of a layer.
     */
    [[nodiscard]] ssize_t endLayer(ssize_t layerNr) const noexcept
    {
        return layerEndContours.at(layerNr).first + 1;
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<bezier_point> getbezier_pointsOfContour(ssize_t contourNr) const noexcept
    {
        hilet begin = points.begin() + (contourNr == 0 ? 0 : contourEndPoints.at(contourNr - 1) + 1);
        hilet end = points.begin() + contourEndPoints.at(contourNr) + 1;
        return std::vector(begin, end);
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<bezier_curve> getBeziersOfContour(ssize_t contourNr) const noexcept
    {
        auto first = beginContour(contourNr);
        auto last = endContour(contourNr);
        auto num_points = std::distance(first, last);
        if (num_points < 3) {
            // Contours with less than three points do not have volume and are invisible.
            // Contours with one point are used for anchors when compositing compound glyphs.
            return {};
        }
 
        return makeContourFromPoints(beginContour(contourNr), endContour(contourNr));
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] std::vector<bezier_curve> getBeziers() const noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!hasLayers());
 
        std::vector<bezier_curve> r;
 
        for (auto contourNr = 0; contourNr < numberOfContours(); contourNr++) {
            hilet beziers = getBeziersOfContour(contourNr);
            r.insert(r.end(), beziers.begin(), beziers.end());
        }
        return r;
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] std::pair<graphic_path, color> getLayer(ssize_t layerNr) const noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(hasLayers());
 
        auto path = graphic_path{};
 
        hilet begin = beginLayer(layerNr);
        hilet end = endLayer(layerNr);
        for (ssize_t contourNr = begin; contourNr != end; contourNr++) {
            path.addContour(beginContour(contourNr), endContour(contourNr));
        }
 
        return {path, getColorOfLayer(layerNr)};
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] color getColorOfLayer(ssize_t layerNr) const noexcept
    {
        return layerEndContours.at(layerNr).second;
    }
 
    void setColorOfLayer(ssize_t layerNr, color fill_color) noexcept
    {
        layerEndContours.at(layerNr).second = fill_color;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool isContourOpen() const noexcept
    {
        if (points.size() == 0) {
            return false;
        } else if (contourEndPoints.size() == 0) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return contourEndPoints.back() != (ssize(points) - 1);
        }
    }

    void closeContour() noexcept
    {
        if (isContourOpen()) {
            contourEndPoints.push_back(ssize(points) - 1);
        }
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool hasLayers() const noexcept
    {
        return numberOfLayers() > 0;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] bool isLayerOpen() const noexcept
    {
        if (points.size() == 0) {
            return false;
        } else if (isContourOpen()) {
            return true;
        } else if (layerEndContours.size() == 0) {
            return true;
        } else {
            return layerEndContours.back().first != (ssize(contourEndPoints) - 1);
        }
    }

    void closeLayer(color fill_color) noexcept
    {
        closeContour();
        if (isLayerOpen()) {
            layerEndContours.emplace_back(ssize(contourEndPoints) - 1, fill_color);
        }
    }

    void optimizeLayers() noexcept
    {
        if (ssize(layerEndContours) == 0) {
            return;
        }
 
        decltype(layerEndContours) tmp;
        tmp.reserve(ssize(layerEndContours));
 
        auto prev_i = layerEndContours.begin();
        for (auto i = prev_i + 1; i != layerEndContours.end(); ++i) {
            // Add the last layer of a contiguous color.
            if (prev_i->second != i->second) {
                tmp.push_back(*prev_i);
            }
 
            prev_i = i;
        }
        tmp.push_back(*prev_i);
 
        std::swap(layerEndContours, tmp);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] point2 currentPosition() const noexcept
    {
        if (isContourOpen()) {
            return points.back().p;
        } else {
            return point2{};
        }
    }

    void moveTo(point2 position) noexcept
    {
        closeContour();
        points.emplace_back(position, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }

    void moveRelativeTo(vector2 direction) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        hilet lastPosition = currentPosition();
        closeContour();
        points.emplace_back(lastPosition + direction, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }
 
    void lineTo(point2 position) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        points.emplace_back(position, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }
 
    void lineRelativeTo(vector2 direction) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        points.emplace_back(currentPosition() + direction, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }
 
    void quadraticCurveTo(point2 controlPosition, point2 position) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        points.emplace_back(controlPosition, bezier_point::Type::QuadraticControl);
        points.emplace_back(position, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }

    void quadraticCurveRelativeTo(vector2 controlDirection, vector2 direction) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        hilet p = currentPosition();
        points.emplace_back(p + controlDirection, bezier_point::Type::QuadraticControl);
        points.emplace_back(p + direction, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }
 
    void cubicCurveTo(point2 controlPosition1, point2 controlPosition2, point2 position) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        points.emplace_back(controlPosition1, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl1);
        points.emplace_back(controlPosition2, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl2);
        points.emplace_back(position, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }

    void cubicCurveRelativeTo(vector2 controlDirection1, vector2 controlDirection2, vector2 direction) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        hilet p = currentPosition();
        points.emplace_back(p + controlDirection1, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl1);
        points.emplace_back(p + controlDirection2, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl2);
        points.emplace_back(p + direction, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
    }

    void arcTo(float radius, point2 position) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(isContourOpen());
 
        hilet r = std::abs(radius);
        hilet P1 = currentPosition();
        hilet P2 = position;
        hilet Pm = midpoint(P1, P2);
 
        hilet Vm2 = P2 - Pm;
 
        // Calculate the half angle between vectors P0 - C and P2 - C.
        hilet alpha = std::asin(hypot(Vm2) / r);
 
        // Calculate the center point C. As the length of the normal of Vm2 at Pm.
        hilet C = Pm + normal(Vm2) * std::cos(alpha) * radius;
 
        // Calculate vectors from center to end points.
        hilet VC1 = P1 - C;
        hilet VC2 = P2 - C;
 
        hilet q1 = squared_hypot(VC1);
        hilet q2 = q1 + dot(VC1, VC2);
        hilet k2 = (4.0f / 3.0f) * (std::sqrt(2.0f * q1 * q2) - q2) / cross(VC1, VC2);
 
        // Calculate the control points.
        hilet C1 = point2{(C.x() + VC1.x()) - k2 * VC1.y(), (C.y() + VC1.y()) + k2 * VC1.x()};
        hilet C2 = point2{(C.x() + VC2.x()) + k2 * VC2.y(), (C.y() + VC2.y()) - k2 * VC2.x()};
 
        cubicCurveTo(C1, C2, P2);
    }

    void addRectangle(aarectangle rectangle, corner_radii corners = corner_radii{0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f}) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
 
        hilet bl_radius = std::abs(corners.left_bottom());
        hilet br_radius = std::abs(corners.right_bottom());
        hilet tl_radius = std::abs(corners.left_top());
        hilet tr_radius = std::abs(corners.right_top());
 
        hilet blc = get<0>(rectangle);
        hilet brc = get<1>(rectangle);
        hilet tlc = get<2>(rectangle);
        hilet trc = get<3>(rectangle);
 
        hilet blc1 = blc + vector2{0.0f, bl_radius};
        hilet blc2 = blc + vector2{bl_radius, 0.0f};
        hilet brc1 = brc + vector2{-br_radius, 0.0f};
        hilet brc2 = brc + vector2{0.0f, br_radius};
        hilet tlc1 = tlc + vector2{tl_radius, 0.0f};
        hilet tlc2 = tlc + vector2{0.0f, -tl_radius};
        hilet trc1 = trc + vector2{0.0f, -tr_radius};
        hilet trc2 = trc + vector2{-tr_radius, 0.0f};
 
        moveTo(blc1);
        if (corners.left_bottom() > 0.0) {
            arcTo(bl_radius, blc2);
        } else if (corners.left_bottom() < 0.0) {
            lineTo(blc2);
        }
 
        lineTo(brc1);
        if (corners.right_bottom() > 0.0) {
            arcTo(br_radius, brc2);
        } else if (corners.right_bottom() < 0.0) {
            lineTo(blc2);
        }
 
        lineTo(tlc1);
        if (corners.left_top() > 0.0) {
            arcTo(tl_radius, tlc2);
        } else if (corners.left_top() < 0.0) {
            lineTo(tlc2);
        }
 
        lineTo(trc1);
        if (corners.right_top() > 0.0) {
            arcTo(tr_radius, trc2);
        } else if (corners.right_top() < 0.0) {
            lineTo(trc2);
        }
 
        closeContour();
    }

    void addCircle(point2 position, float radius) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
 
        moveTo(point2{position.x(), position.y() - radius});
        arcTo(radius, point2{position.x() + radius, position.y()});
        arcTo(radius, point2{position.x(), position.y() + radius});
        arcTo(radius, point2{position.x() - radius, position.y()});
        arcTo(radius, point2{position.x(), position.y() - radius});
        closeContour();
    }

    void addContour(std::vector<bezier_curve> const& contour) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
 
        for (hilet& curve : contour) {
            // Don't emit the first point, the last point of the contour will wrap around.
            switch (curve.type) {
            case bezier_curve::Type::Linear:
                points.emplace_back(curve.P2, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
                break;
            case bezier_curve::Type::Quadratic:
                points.emplace_back(curve.C1, bezier_point::Type::QuadraticControl);
                points.emplace_back(curve.P2, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
                break;
            case bezier_curve::Type::Cubic:
                points.emplace_back(curve.C1, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl1);
                points.emplace_back(curve.C2, bezier_point::Type::CubicControl2);
                points.emplace_back(curve.P2, bezier_point::Type::Anchor);
                break;
            default:
                hi_no_default();
            }
        }
 
        closeContour();
    }

    void addContour(
        std::vector<bezier_point>::const_iterator const& begin,
        std::vector<bezier_point>::const_iterator const& end) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
        points.insert(points.end(), begin, end);
        closeContour();
    }

    void addContour(std::vector<bezier_point> const& contour) noexcept
    {
        addContour(contour.begin(), contour.end());
    }

    void addPath(graphic_path const& path, color fill_color) noexcept
    {
        *this += path;
        closeLayer(fill_color);
    }

    void addStroke(
        graphic_path const& path,
        color strokeColor,
        float strokeWidth,
        hi::line_join_style line_join_style = line_join_style::miter,
        float tolerance = 0.05f) noexcept
    {
        *this += path.toStroke(strokeWidth, line_join_style, tolerance);
        closeLayer(strokeColor);
    }

    [[nodiscard]] graphic_path toStroke(
        float strokeWidth = 1.0f,
        line_join_style line_join_style = line_join_style::miter,
        float tolerance = 0.05f) const noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!hasLayers());
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
 
        auto r = graphic_path{};
 
        float starboardOffset = strokeWidth / 2;
        float portOffset = -starboardOffset;
 
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfContours(); i++) {
            hilet baseContour = getBeziersOfContour(i);
 
            hilet starboardContour = makeParallelContour(baseContour, starboardOffset, line_join_style, tolerance);
            r.addContour(starboardContour);
 
            hilet portContour = makeInverseContour(makeParallelContour(baseContour, portOffset, line_join_style, tolerance));
            r.addContour(portContour);
        }
 
        return r;
    }

    [[nodiscard]] graphic_path centerScale(extent2 extent, float padding = 0.0) const noexcept
    {
        auto max_size =
            extent2{std::max(1.0f, extent.width() - (padding * 2.0f)), std::max(1.0f, extent.height() - (padding * 2.0f))};
 
        auto bbox = boundingBox();
        if (bbox.width() <= 0.0 || bbox.height() <= 0.0) {
            return {};
        }
 
        hilet scale = std::min(max_size.width() / bbox.width(), max_size.height() / bbox.height());
        bbox = scale2(scale) * bbox;
 
        hilet offset = (point2{} - get<0>(bbox)) + (extent - bbox.size()) * 0.5;
 
        return (translate2(offset) * scale2(scale, scale)) * *this;
    }
 
    graphic_path& operator+=(graphic_path const& rhs) noexcept
    {
        hi_assert(!isContourOpen());
        hi_assert(!rhs.isContourOpen());
 
        // Left hand layer can only be open if the right hand side contains no layers.
        hi_assert(!rhs.hasLayers() || !isLayerOpen());
 
        hilet pointOffset = ssize(points);
        hilet contourOffset = ssize(contourEndPoints);
 
        layerEndContours.reserve(layerEndContours.size() + rhs.layerEndContours.size());
        for (hilet & [ x, fill_color ] : rhs.layerEndContours) {
            layerEndContours.emplace_back(contourOffset + x, fill_color);
        }
 
        contourEndPoints.reserve(contourEndPoints.size() + rhs.contourEndPoints.size());
        for (hilet x : rhs.contourEndPoints) {
            contourEndPoints.push_back(pointOffset + x);
        }
 
        points.insert(points.end(), rhs.points.begin(), rhs.points.end());
        return *this;
    }
 
    [[nodiscard]] friend graphic_path operator+(graphic_path lhs, graphic_path const& rhs) noexcept
    {
        return lhs += rhs;
    }
 
    friend graphic_path operator*(transformer2 auto const& lhs, graphic_path const& rhs) noexcept
    {
        auto rhs_ = rhs;
        for (auto& point : rhs_.points) {
            point = lhs * point;
        }
        return rhs_;
    }
};

hi_export inline void composit(pixmap_span<sfloat_rgba16> dst, hi::color color, graphic_path const& mask) noexcept
{
    hi_assert(not mask.hasLayers());
    hi_assert(not mask.isContourOpen());
 
    auto mask_image = pixmap<uint8_t>(dst.width(), dst.height());
    fill(mask_image);
 
    hilet curves = mask.getBeziers();
    fill(mask_image, curves);
 
    composit(dst, color, mask_image);
}

hi_export inline void composit(pixmap_span<sfloat_rgba16> dst, graphic_path const& mask) noexcept
{
    hi_assert(mask.hasLayers() and not mask.isLayerOpen());
 
    for (int layerNr = 0; layerNr < mask.numberOfLayers(); layerNr++) {
        hilet[layer, fill_color] = mask.getLayer(layerNr);
 
        composit(dst, fill_color, layer);
    }
}

hi_export inline void fill(pixmap_span<sdf_r8> dst, graphic_path const& path) noexcept
{
    fill(dst, path.getBeziers());
}
 
}} // namespace hi::v1